In their chapter of Global Investigation Review: The Guide to International Enforcement of Securities Laws, Edition 3, authors Katherine Pappas, Paul Leder, and Maria Lapetina explore critical concerns for individuals and their counsel in cross-border, multi-jurisdictional investigations. Authorities in Europe, Latin America and Asia are increasingly involved in scrutinizing individual conduct. In light of this reality, the authors wrote, "counsel must develop and execute a coordinated, multi-jurisdictional strategy that capitalises on the differences in legal powers, jurisdiction and approach among relevant government authorities in a way that maximises the client’s options and leverage while minimising any potential adverse effects on the client."